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Constitutional History

Constitutional history essays tracing the institutions, cases and political moments that shaped Indian public law.

[ The Republic ]

The Ninth Schedule and the Constitution's quiet backdoor

Inserted in 1951 with thirteen entries to clear a path for land reform, the Ninth Schedule now holds 284 statutes covering reservation, internal security, taxation, and trade monopoly. I.R. Coelho half-closed the door in 2007. The half it left open is the h...

2026-05-25 · 23 min read

[ The Republic ]

The Emergency has never really ended

The textbooks treat 1977 as the closing of a parenthesis. Read the preventive-detention statute book, the internet-shutdown logs, and Part IVA of the Constitution, and the parenthesis is still open.

2026-05-18 · 22 min read

[ The Republic ]

Fundamental Duties were a Trojan horse

Part IVA arrived in 1976 dressed as moral instruction. It was drafted to subordinate Fundamental Rights to State-defined obligations, and the post-2014 jurisprudence reviving the duties chapter as an enforcement aid is the original design finally finishing ...

2026-05-18 · 23 min read

About Constitutional History

This page collects The Republic essays filed under Constitutional History. New longer reads appear here as the section develops.

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